Iran Medical Council Journal of Iranian Medical Council 2645-338X 1 1 2018 07 01 Applied Clinical Algorithm of Influenza: Management of Influenza in Young People 2 6 66190 EN Abdollah Karimi Research Institute for Children Health, Pediatric Infections Research Center, Mofid Children Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medicine Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sedigheh Rafiei Tabatabaei Research Institute for Children Health, Pediatric Infections Research Center, Mofid Children Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medicine Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zahra Pourmoghaddas Research Institute for Children Health, Pediatric Infections Research Center, Mofid Children Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medicine Sciences, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2018 05 22 Influenza is an acute respiratory infection with different severity in children. There is a range of upper and lower respiratory tract infections caused by the virus.

https://www.jimc.ir/article_66190_71578eb02269555f8596fc8e5f50261b.pdf

Iran Medical Council Journal of Iranian Medical Council 2645-338X 1 1 2018 07 01 Drug Repositioning: A Review 7 10 66203 EN Razieh Mohammad Jafari 1. Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Sheibani Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sadaf Nezamoleslami Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sevda Shayesteh Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Yahya Jand Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ahmad Reza Dehpour Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2018 07 21 Drug repositioning is one of the common strategies of new indications and therapeutic targets for already known drugs. Drug repositioning is known by various names in textbooks such as drug re-proposing, re-profiling, re-tasking and therapeutic switching. Drugs may act through multiple molecular targets. Although perhaps designed for specificity, modulate several targets. This “Poly-pharmacology” may also be essential for efficacy. This “off-targets” may also lead to side-effect. Repositioning vs traditional drug discovery reduces time, reduces risk, and reduces cost. Bleeding disorder observation of aspirin (a wonder drug) over the years (1891) was made repeatedly leading to the suggestion by Craven (1953) that aspirin might be used for the prevention of thrombosis. The historically unintentional, serendipitous, or constrained research effort is now being replaced by systematic, high-throughput and rational pursuit of new therapeutic uses for marketed drugs, drugs in development, or as a drug salvaging strategy.

https://www.jimc.ir/article_66203_7e34103d20ea96e0304389a74c44b50d.pdf

Iran Medical Council Journal of Iranian Medical Council 2645-338X 1 1 2018 07 01 Acute and Chronic Tramadol Treatment Impresses Tyrosine Kinase B (Trk-B) Receptor in the Amygdala and Nucleus Accumbens 11 16 66208 EN Mitra-Sadat Sadat-Shirazi Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Nima Babhadi-Ashar Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hamid Ahmadian-Moghaddam Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Solmaz Khalifeh Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2018 07 21 Background: Misuse of opioid painkillers such as tramadol has increased in the world. These painkillers have psychological side effects such as dependence and tolerance. Moreover, the role of Tyrosine-Kinase B (Trk-B) receptor in drug dependence and reward system is not clear. The main objective of the study is to assess the effect of tramadol on the Trk-B receptors within amygdala and nucleus accumbens. Methods: For this purpose, the male Wistar rats received different doses of tramadol (0, 5, and 10 mg/kg). For the assessment of the effect of acute and chronic treatment of tramadol, animals received tramadol one and 14 following days, respectively. The amygdala and nucleus accumbens (NAC) were collected, and Trk-3 protein level was quantified using Western Blotting method. The collected results were subjected into statistical analysis using SPSS software. Results: Results showed that Trk-B level increased in the amygdala in both acute and chronic treatment. Vice-versa, tramadol treatment decrease Trk-B level in the NAC. Conclusion: Increasing of Trk-B level in the amygdala might be related to the effect of tramadol on serotonin reuptake transporter, and it proves the anxiolytic effect of tramadol. Decreasing in the level of Trk-B in the NAC might be related to the effect of tramadol on VTA and its rewarding effect via increasing dopamine in the NAC and decreasing Trk-B level in the D1-type Medium Spiny Neurons (MSN) which enhance reward., Increasing level of Trk-B in the amygdala might be related to the anxiolytic effect of tramadol which modulates it via BDNF-Trk-B signaling pathway. More studies are needed to elucidate the effect of tramadol on BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway.

https://www.jimc.ir/article_66208_1beb9d5a0e7509732f885737758a2c59.pdf

Iran Medical Council Journal of Iranian Medical Council 2645-338X 1 1 2018 07 01 Clinical, Electrocardiographic, and Electrophysiological Characteristics of Patients with Focal Atrial Tachycardia (FAT) 17 23 66209 EN Peyman Tabatabaie Cardiac Electrophysiology Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Shahrzad Shams-Eshaghi Cardiac Electrophysiology Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Amirfarjam Fazelifar Cardiac Electrophysiology Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Abolfath Alizadeh-Diz Cardiac Electrophysiology Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zahra Emkanjoo Cardiac Electrophysiology Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Majid Haghjoo Cardiac Electrophysiology Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2018 07 21 Background: Although smaller studies have shown that the P-wave morphology from different anatomic locations, a detailed algorithm which characterizes the likely location of a tachycardia associated with a P-wave of unknown origin is still lacking. The purpose of this study was: 1) to perform a detailed analysis of the P-wave morphology in Focal Atrial Tachycardia (FAT) and to produce an algorithm for identification of the anatomic site of origin, and 2) to evaluate the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of FAT. Methods: In this retrospective study 146 patients underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation for right and left FATs and their clinical, electrocardiographic, and electrophysiological characteristics were included. Results: One hundred forty-six patients with FAT were included in the study (56% of them were female, mean age: 46±15 years, age range: from 15 to 86 years). The distribution of Atrial Tachycardia (AT) was 78% in right atrial and 22% in left atrial region. The most common site for right-sided ATs was crista terminal is while pulmonary vein was the most common origin for the left ATs. A female predominance of 60% was seen in right-sided AT and a male predominance of 60% was among left-sided tachycardias (p=0.04). Lead V1 was the most useful lead to distinguish right tachycardias from the left one. Atrial electrogram-P wave interval at successful ablation site was significantly longer among left-sided ATs (45±7 vs. 41±7 ms, p=0.006). Conclusion: This study shows a significant gender differences between right and left ATs. Leads V1 and I were the most useful leads to localize the FAT. Proposed P-wave algorithm could determine the likely origin of tachycardia in 95% of the patients.

https://www.jimc.ir/article_66209_41afcf0f4146cebdceed1088402852d7.pdf

Iran Medical Council Journal of Iranian Medical Council 2645-338X 1 1 2018 07 01 Comparison of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Thin Layer Chromatography for Identification of Amphetamine and Methamphetamine in Human Urine 24 28 66216 EN Kiarash Fekri Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University,Tehran, Iran Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies,Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Neuroendocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran Maryam Zahmatkesh Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Afsaneh Fard-Sanei Payame Noor University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Azadeh Nazari Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2018 07 21 Background: The use of Amphetamine Type Stimulants (ATS) including amphetamine and methamphetamine is a critical worldwide problem. The development of simple and convenient analytical methods for the detection of amphetamine and methamphetamine is necessary to determine the abuse of illicit drugs in urine. Many useful methods have been developed for qualification and quantification of substance abuse. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) are applied for detection of drugs and poisons for both biological and non-biological materials. The aim of the present study was to compare the power of HPLC and TLC for the detection of amphetamine and methamphetamine in human urine to suggest an appropriate analytical method considering beneficial aspects of it such as validation, simplicity, sensitivity, applicability and economic cost. Methods: Both HPLC and TLC were used to analyze urine samples of 50 self-reported individuals, whom were referred to Bahar Medical Laboratory and Iranian National Center for Addiction studies. Results: Screening test showed 22 (amphetamine) and 17 (methamphetamine) percent were false-positive tests in comparison with TLC findings. The results of TLC analysis were consistent with the results from HPLC method. Conclusion: Based on our results; this study increases the potential validity of TLCas a rapid, inexpensive and simple screening procedure for the detection of amphetamine and methamphetamine in human urine, especially in deprived regions with inexperienced technicians and no advanced laboratory equipment.

https://www.jimc.ir/article_66216_4c508ff6749321b7b4ba8ca6d4221547.pdf

Iran Medical Council Journal of Iranian Medical Council 2645-338X 1 1 2018 07 01 Intravenous Lipid Emulsion Increased Muscles Power and Survival Time of Phenobarbital in Intoxicated Rats 29 33 66217 EN Mohammad Moshiri Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Fatemeh Aftabi Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Maryam Esmaeili Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Leila Etemad Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Hossein Hosseinzadeh Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Journal Article 2018 07 21 Background: Phenobarbital (PHB) is an anticonvulsant drug that poisoning with it leads to stupor or coma and in higher doses may induce severe respiratory depression and cardiovascular collapse. Intravenous Lipid Emulsion (ILE) has been used to treat drug toxicity and for parenteral nutrition. Methods: Ten male rats that had been intoxicated by 100 mg/kg of PHB were treated intravenously by 18.6 ml/kg of ILE20 or similar dose of normal saline. Subject rats were checked before PHB injection (zero time), 0.5 hr before ILE20% (or normal saline infusion) and 1, 3, and 6 hr after PHB toxic injections. On each check point, we tested the blood pressure, muscular power score and mortality rate. Results: There were no significant differences between blood pressures of two groups at all. ILE was able to increase rats’ muscular power scores at the 3rd and 6th hours check points (p=0.007 and 0.0371, respectively). ILE also increased the survival period of intoxicated rats; however it did not change the mortality rate. Conclusion: ILE was able to reverse the muscles power reduction and could improve the survival period among intoxicated rats.

https://www.jimc.ir/article_66217_ecf2634b8e4df7d0a845c05b89bff2c3.pdf

Iran Medical Council Journal of Iranian Medical Council 2645-338X 1 1 2018 07 01 The Protective Effect of the Gallic Acid Against TNBS-induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rats: Role of Inflammatory Parameters 34 42 66219 EN Bita Khodayar Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Hossein Farzaei Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Roodabeh Bahramsoltani Department of Pharmacy in Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam Baeeri Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Sabbagh Ziarani Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran Mojdeh Mohammadi Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Roja Rahimi Department of Pharmacy in Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Abdollahi Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2018 07 21 Background: Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is an Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) that causes long-lasting inflammation and ulcers in digestive tract. The current study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of gallic acid on the 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced UC in rats. Methods: Forty-two adult Wistar rats were divided into seven groups (n=7) and UC was induced in six groups using TNBS solution. They received different daily doses of gallic acid (25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg/day, p.o). On the 11th day, the colon tissues were removed and examined regarding the macroscopic and histopathology lesions. Also, Disease Activity Index (DAI) and Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were measured in the colon homogenate. Results: Pretreatment with this natural agent remarkably reduced the macroscopic scores of colon in rats with UC in comparison with the control group. DAI was also reduced by gallic acid significantly. Histopathological findings confirmed the beneficial effects of gallic acidonthe animal model of UC. Gallic acid induced a significant decrease in the levels of inflammatory mediators like MPO. Conclusion: We may conclude that gallic acid can be used as an effective medicine for treatment of UC in animal model, however it needs to be confirmed by human models.

https://www.jimc.ir/article_66219_f16ab670b34d848cb1cae71fff32a682.pdf

Iran Medical Council Journal of Iranian Medical Council 2645-338X 1 1 2018 07 01 Annular Asymptomatic Plaques in a Diabetic Boy 43 44 66222 EN Samaneh Fazlolahi Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ifa Etesami Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Kambiz Kamyab Department of Dermatopathology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hamidreza Mahmoudi Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Autoimmune Bullous Diseases Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam Daneshpazhooh Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Autoimmune Bullous Diseases Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2018 07 21 An 18-year-old boy with type 1 diabetes mellitus, presented to our dermatology clinic with a 3-year history of enlarging asymptomatic plaques on his legs, dorsum of hands and his abdomen. On physical examination two atrophic, yellowish plaques on left leg, one larger plaque on left ankle, an erythematous atrophic plaque on left hand and a smaller annular lesion on the abdomen were observed that had telangiectasias in the center and also peripheral elevated erythematous papules. The patient’s diabetes was well-controlled and he did not show any sign of retinopathy, neuropathy or nephropathy. The patient was treated with topical tacrolimus 0.1% and intralesional steroid in the margin.

https://www.jimc.ir/article_66222_d339e701da1684c354887eda96ab4804.pdf

Iran Medical Council Journal of Iranian Medical Council 2645-338X 1 1 2018 07 01 A Quick Review of DASH Diet and its Effect on Mental Disorders 45 48 66224 EN Elnaz Daneshzad Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Leila Azadbakht Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2018 07 21 Mental disorders and the related symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and aggression are related to increased mortality and higher risk of chronic diseases. The number of people with depression and anxiety as two common mental disorders has increased by 18.4 and 14.9%, respectively between 2005 and 2015 1. Therefore appropriate strategies to prevent psychological disorders and decrease their burden to the society and healthcare system is an important issue 2,3. Diet as a lifestyle factor can contribute to developing mental disorders. Most studies that examined the relationship between mental disorders and nutritional factors are more on B vitamins, folate and omega-3 fatty acids 4,5. It has been shown that focused a diet high in olive oil and monounsaturated fatty acids was negatively associated with depression 6. Also, the inverse linear association was detected between fruit and nut consumption and the prevalence of depression. It has been seen that the Mediterranean diet was associated with lower risk of depression 7. Previous studies have shown positive effects of dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) on various diseases such as diabetes, metabolic syndromes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases 8-12. There are limited studies on association of such diet and mental disorders.

https://www.jimc.ir/article_66224_c73833a192f4d025a0a2ca71cfff9534.pdf